Photovoltaic system adoption in water related technologies – A
This review will serve as a guidebook for researchers and policy makers to identify and select suitable configuration of photovoltaic–water related technologies for implementation
With rising energy costs and the worsening climate crisis, some wastewater treatment plants have started using solar energy. Because solar adoption at wastewater treatment plants is still relatively new, there is little known about these facilities, including where they are, what drove them to choose solar, and if solar has been a success.
Most of the solar PV adopted wastewater treatment plants are located in California, USA. For wastewater treatment plant capacity of above 5 Million Gallons per day inflow, around 8–30% of its energy demand is met by solar PV modules.
Self consumption of the PV power by the waste water treatment plant and solar radiation potential of the plant plays an effective role in deciding the economic viability of this initiative. The feed-in-tariff of the electricity generated by PV modules in wastewater treatment plants in China ranges between 0.034 and 0.063 USD/kWh [ 55 ].
Colacicco and Zacchei [ 53] suggested solar PV modules to be an effective candidate in meeting the energy demand of oxidation tanks which consumes nearly 30–60% of the entire energy supplied to the wastewater treatment plants. Energy consumption of wastewater treatment plants is in the range of 0.52 kWh to 2.0 kWh/m 3.
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