Switch-mode power converter compensation made easy
We will explain the theory of compensation and why it is necessary, examine various power stages, and show how to determine where to place the poles and zeros of the compensation
Consequently, the buck converter power stage including the current loop behaves as a single-pole system at lower frequencies below the current loop bandwidth. Therefore, a simple Type 2 compensation network is adequate to optimize supply loop stabilities and transient performances.
Designing and optimizing high performance switching mode power supplies is becoming a more frequent and challenging task. Power supply loop compensation design is usually viewed as a difficult task, especially for inexperienced supply designers.
Many books have been written that discuss how to compensate a power supply. The focus of this paper is to provide an overview of important compensation factors. In general terms, compensating a power supply can be simplified into graphically adding and subtracting waveforms on a semilog graph.
Practically, greater than 8 dB attenuation at f SW /2 is preferred. To design and optimize the compensation network, a power supply designer first needs to understand the effect of each compensation R or C value on the loop gain and load transient response.
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