IATA Lithium Battery Restrictions for 2025-26
IATA now recommends that shippers of lithium-ion batteries packed in or with equipment (UN 3481), or in vehicles (UN 3556), abide
Herein, we mainly focus on the species transport issues of non-aqueous Li–air batteries, including Li + across the solid surfaces and the electrolyte, O 2 solubility and diffusivity, distribution of intermediates and products, and side reactions by other components from the air.
Lower discharge capacity is the main challenge of non-aqueous Li-air battery. Hierarchical cathodes are crucial to enhance discharge capacity. Multiscale-modeling is pivotal to capture multiscale processes in Li-air battery. Porosity, and tortuosity are the key factors influencing battery capacity.
Conventional energy storage systems, such as pumped hydroelectric storage, lead–acid batteries, and compressed air energy storage (CAES), have been widely used for energy storage. However, these systems face significant limitations, including geographic constraints, high construction costs, low energy efficiency, and environmental challenges.
For the 2025 Edition of the Dangerous Goods Regulations, IATA added new recommendations related to lithium ion batteries in air transportation. IATA now recommends that shippers of lithium-ion batteries packed in or with equipment (UN 3481), or in vehicles (UN 3556), abide by a limit on state-of-charge in air transportation.
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