Power Battery Basics: Cells, Modules & Packs Explained
Given that a battery pack comprises thousands of individual cells, managing them all effectively requires a structural organization. This is where battery modules come into play.
Quick takeaway: Cell → Module → Pack. Each step increases voltage/capacity, adds safety features (like BMS and thermal control), and improves serviceability. What Is a Battery Cell? The battery cell is the smallest functional unit—the core source of stored energy. Through electrochemistry, it converts chemical energy into electrical energy.
1. Basic Unit of A Battery Pack: Battery Cells 2. A Unit Assembled from Multiple Battery Cells: Battery Modules 3. The Complete Package: Battery Packs 4. Battery Cell vs Battery Module vs Battery Pack: Key Differences
A battery cell is a battery's basic unit, whereas a battery module is a collection of battery cells. A pack, on the other hand, consists of one or more modules as well as any other components required for operation, such as enclosure, connectors, and control circuitry. The following comparison chart demonstrates this in greater detail:
A module is a sub-assembly of cells, while a pack is a complete system with BMS and enclosure. Can a battery pack be made without modules? Yes. Many compact devices use cell-to-pack (CTP) designs, which Ufine Battery frequently applies.
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