Optimizing renewable energy integration and grid costs for
By integrating and optimizing new energy systems, ammonia production costs can be significantly reduced, even with high variability in grid energy costs and the intermittent
For this to be viable, an ammonia-based energy storage system must display “High round-trip efficiency, low cost and considerable flexibility.” Maximizing efficiency – or minimizing the losses from converting power to ammonia and then back to power – is the major advancement revealed by the German paper.
At higher levels of solar, however, the ammonia demand will either reduce or increase to a lesser extent depending upon the design capacity. Furthermore, an optimum between the cost of energy storage and the cost of energy generation was found at a design capacity of 30%.
Having demonstrated that curtailment decreases the cost of producing ammonia from renewable solar or wind energy, this section assesses the decrease in LCOA and optimal curtailment when combining solar and wind energy and analyzes the change in LCOU at the sample locations.
At low levels of solar in the grid, while adding more solar capacity, larger energy shortages will be present in the winter months as a result of the more cyclic behavior of solar energy compared to wind energy, and thus, a larger overall ammonia production is required to compensate for this change.
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