One-Step Construction of Closed Pores Enabling High Plateau
Herein, we present an effective closed-pore construction strategy by one-step pyrolysis of zinc gluconate (ZG) and elucidate the corresponding mechanism of closed-pore
This results in the achievement of ultra-high plateau capacity (371.7 mAh/g). Furthermore, the experi-mental results unveiled a strong positive correlation between the plateau capacity and the volume of closed pores, which facilitates so-dium ion storage.
The generated closed pores enrich the sodium storage active sites of hard carbon to boost low-voltage plateau capacity. DFT calculations demonstrate that the hard carbon anode with optimal closed pore size of 0.45 nm shows peak performance.
Among them, the design of hard carbons with abundant closed pores suitable for accommodating sodium clusters is an effective strategy to improve the plateau capacity at low voltage to improve the energy density of the actual full cell.
In addition, Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that HC anode with the optimal closed pore size of 0.45 nm shows the greatest sodium storage capabilities. This work proposes an innovative strategy to boost the low-voltage plateau capacity of HC anodes by engineering well-tuned closed-pore architectures. 1. Introduction
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